Learning Programming Overview

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Contents

An overview of Computers and Programming

Basic Elements of Programming

Information and Data

Describing Values

Strings

Interpreting as Numbers
Interpreting as Truth Values
Program defined Values

Names and Variables

Hiding and New names
NEW
Initializing
SET
= Parameters - Actual & Formal
Updating
= SET & MERGE

Structuring and Arrays

Grouping of Data

MERGE

Destroying Data

KILL

Control Structures

Debugging

BREAK

Transferring Current Control

Looping

GOTO & Tags/Labels =
FOR & QUIT
FOR & GOTO

Decisions

IF ELSE postconditions

Subroutines - Invoking, Stacking, Returning

DO & QUIT & Tags/Labels & dot-lines
Tail-End Recursion
$STACK & $STACK()

Co-routines

JOB

Stopping

Temporary - HANG =
Permanent - HALT =

Interrupting

CONTROL-C
END-OF-FILE
Unexpected Changes
SYNTAX issues
= Undefined values
= Broken Run-time evaluation/Indirection

Table Driven Control

XECUTE
$TEXT tables
FileMan Files

Non-Determinism

Reset/Undo and Retry control

Communicating

Input/Output

Creating Channels
OPEN
Manipulating Channels
USE
Destroying Channels
CLOSE
Interrupting Channels
Channels and Values
Values FROM External Source
READ
Values TO External Source
WRITE
Formatting
? - tabs
= # - start

== ! - New Line vs. Carriage Return

Controlling I/O

Coordinating

LOCKing

Implementation Specific

Z* & $Z & $VIEW & VIEW